Business
CBN Bets on Rules to Stabilise FX Market
The Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) has rolled out a revised Foreign Exchange Manual in a renewed effort to bring stability, transparency, and predictability to the country’s foreign exchange market, which has long been marked by volatility and policy uncertainty.
The updated manual, which became effective on June 1, 2026, represents the fourth edition of the framework and replaces the 2018 version. It comes after years of significant economic shocks, including the COVID-19 pandemic, oil price fluctuations, and multiple exchange rate reforms that exposed gaps in the existing regulatory structure.
For years, Nigeria’s FX market has been shaped by uncertainty, with importers facing delays and documentation hurdles, exporters questioning repatriation processes, and investors expressing concern over inconsistent policies. The banking sector has also had to navigate shifting directives and market stress.
Push for Transparency and Market Discipline
At the launch of the manual, CBN Governor Olayemi Cardoso said the reform was aimed at strengthening transparency and restoring confidence in the market.
“Foreign exchange is more than a financial instrument; it is a critical enabler in any open economy,” Cardoso said, adding that the updated framework was necessary to reflect current economic realities and improve market efficiency.
CBN Deputy Governor, Economic Policy Directorate, Dr Muhammad Abdullahi, explained that the review was part of a broader reform agenda initiated under the current administration to improve liquidity, transparency, and trust in the FX market.
He noted that “a modern FX market cannot thrive in an environment characterised by opacity, fragmentation, delays, uncertainty, or excessive administrative bottlenecks,” stressing the need for consistent rules and stronger enforcement.
Key Changes in the Manual
The revised manual introduces several operational adjustments aimed at reducing bottlenecks and improving efficiency in FX transactions.
One of the major changes is the harmonisation of Personal Travel Allowance (PTA) and Business Travel Allowance (BTA) processes, with 75 per cent of transactions now to be processed electronically, while 25 per cent may still be disbursed in cash.
Import advance payments have also been increased from 15 per cent to 30 per cent, giving businesses more flexibility in dealing with foreign suppliers.
In addition, processing of Form NXP for export documentation will now be free, while new provisions have been introduced for service exports, technology-related remittances, and regional payment systems.
The manual also introduces Non-Resident Investment Accounts and Non-Resident Ordinary Accounts, and allows full repatriation of export proceeds for foreign companies in the extractive sector.
A notable relief for individuals is the removal of the mandatory Form A requirement for certain remittances through domiciliary accounts, although banks will still verify transaction legitimacy.
The framework also permits tuition payments abroad of up to $25,000 per semester and allows controlled transfers between different types of domiciliary accounts.
Banks and Market Operators Back Reform
Commercial banks have welcomed the new guidelines, describing them as a step toward restoring discipline and clarity in the FX market.
Group Managing Director of United Bank for Africa, Mr Oliver Alawuba, said the reforms reflect a clearer policy direction anchored on transparency and credible price discovery.
He noted that market behaviour has already begun to shift, with banks now seeing increased inflows through official channels compared to previous years.
Group Managing Director of Access Holdings, Mr Roosevelt Ogbonna, also said the revised manual would help eliminate ambiguity and strengthen discipline among market participants.
According to him, earlier FX reforms struggled because they lacked strong foundational rules, but the current approach is building “from the ground up” with clearer codes of conduct.
Beyond Regulation: The Bigger Challenge
While the revised manual introduces clearer rules and tighter compliance structures, analysts note that regulation alone cannot stabilise the FX market.
Sustainable stability will depend on broader economic fundamentals, including export earnings, oil production levels, investor confidence, and fiscal discipline.
The Federal Government, through representatives at the launch, described the manual as part of wider macroeconomic reforms aimed at promoting stability and sustainable growth.
CBN officials also emphasised that the success of the framework will depend heavily on consistent implementation and cooperation across the financial system.
Outlook
Nigeria’s FX market has undergone several reform cycles over the years, often followed by periods of instability triggered by external shocks and policy shifts.
The revised Foreign Exchange Manual represents another attempt to build a more predictable and transparent system. However, its long-term success will depend not just on the rules themselves, but on how effectively they are enforced and sustained over time.
Business
NNPC Deploys Over 1,000 Young Professionals After One-Year Training Programme
By Abigail David
The Nigerian National Petroleum Company Limited (NNPC Ltd) has deployed more than 1,000 young professionals into its workforce following the successful completion of a one-year internship, training and evaluation programme.
The Group Chief Executive Officer of NNPC Ltd, Bayo Ojulari, announced the development in a post shared on the company’s official social media platforms, describing it as a significant milestone for the national energy company.
According to Ojulari, the new employees were selected after completing a rigorous programme that combined practical internships, intensive training and performance assessments.
He said the recruitment process reflected the company’s commitment to merit-based employment, stressing that competence and performance, rather than personal connections or background, determined successful candidates.
Ojulari noted that while the participants initially joined the organisation through offer letters, their permanent deployment was earned through consistent performance during the internship period.
He encouraged the newly deployed employees to contribute innovative ideas, take ownership of their professional development and actively support the company’s growth.
The NNPC chief also urged them to remember the opportunities they had received and, in the future, help create similar opportunities for others.
The deployment is part of NNPC Ltd’s ongoing efforts to strengthen its workforce and build capacity following its transition into a commercially driven national energy company under the Petroleum Industry Act.
The recruitment exercise began in July 2024 during the tenure of former Group Chief Executive Officer Mele Kyari.
Business
JUST IN: Otedola buys N222bn additional First HoldCo shares to boost stake
Billionaire businessman Femi Otedola has increased his ownership in First HoldCo Plc after acquiring an additional 1.77 billion shares through his investment company, Calvados Global Services Limited.
According to a regulatory filing on the Nigerian Exchange (NGX), the transaction, valued at N222.20 billion, was completed on Thursday.
The latest purchase raises Otedola’s shareholding from 9.99 billion shares to 11.77 billion shares, increasing his stake in the financial institution from 21.96 percent to 25.88 percent.
The acquisition follows another major investment made on July 22, when Otedola purchased 706.13 million shares worth N77.58 billion, further strengthening his position as the bank’s largest shareholder.
With the latest transaction, his total investment in First HoldCo is now estimated at approximately N1.47 trillion, making him the institution’s single largest investor.
Under the Investments and Securities Act and the Securities and Exchange Commission’s merger and acquisition regulations, any shareholder who acquires 30 percent or more of the voting shares in a publicly listed company is required to make a mandatory takeover offer to other shareholders.
The increased investment comes weeks after First HoldCo became Nigeria’s most valuable listed banking stock by market capitalisation, surpassing Zenith Bank following sustained gains in its share price on the Nigerian Exchange.
Business
Nigeria Records First Export Under China’s Expanded Zero-Tariff Policy
A Nigerian shipment of 252 metric tons of palm kernel shell activated carbon becomes the first cargo to enter the Hainan Free Trade Port under China’s newly expanded zero-tariff policy for African imports.
Haikou Customs confirmed on Wednesday that the consignment was the first to receive duty-free treatment since the new trade measure took effect on May 1, 2026.
The policy extends tariff-free access to goods imported from all 53 African countries that maintain diplomatic relations with China. The initiative is expected to strengthen trade between China and Africa by improving market access for African products, supporting industrial development and helping exporters navigate an increasingly protectionist global trading environment.
The expanded arrangement broadens China’s preferential market access for African exports. While 33 African countries classified as least developed nations have enjoyed duty-free treatment on all tariff lines since December 2024, the latest policy now covers the remaining 20 African countries through a preferential tariff scheme that will remain in force for an initial two-year period.
Chinese officials said the temporary arrangement is intended to facilitate negotiations on the proposed China-Africa Economic Partnership for Shared Development agreement. Once finalized, the agreement is expected to establish permanent institutional backing for the zero-tariff framework.
According to China’s Ministry of Commerce, the policy is designed not only to increase imports from Africa but also to stimulate greater investment in the continent’s manufacturing sector. By encouraging the flow of capital, modern technology, production equipment and management expertise, the initiative aims to expand local processing of African raw materials and increase the export of value-added products.
Officials believe the approach will contribute to a more balanced and sustainable trading relationship while creating new opportunities for African economies to move further up global value chains.
The development comes as economic ties between China and Africa continue to deepen. Data from China’s General Administration of Customs show that two-way trade reached an all-time high of 348 billion U.S. dollars in 2025. During the same period, Chinese imports from African countries rose by 5.4 percent year-on-year to 123 billion U.S. dollars, reflecting sustained growth in commercial exchanges between both sides.
The successful entry of the Nigerian shipment into the Hainan Free Trade Port is expected to encourage more African exporters to take advantage of the expanded duty-free access, opening new opportunities for trade, investment and industrial cooperation.
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